In the 1899/1900 academic year, the Pedagogy Department was formed at Mount Holyoke College. At this time, the scope of courses offered to students included the following: history of education, philosophy of education, educational psychology, child study, school systems, school management, and methodology. In the 1903/1904 academic year, the department became the Education Department. It continued as the Education Department until 1939/1940. During this time, a Master's of Arts in Education program was added to the department's offerings. In the 1940/1941 academic year, the Education Department joined the Psychology Department to form the Psychology and Education Department.

The Mount Holyoke College Education Department Records consist of newspaper clippings; a photocopied page from the "Llamarada;" brochures; articles; advertisements; a survey; correspondence; proposals; reports; syllabi; examinations; and photographs. The records contain information about the daily occurrences of the Education Department. Department brochures and brochures for the Master's of Arts in Education program at the College are included in addition to advertisements for both. The annual reports of the department to the President of the College and proposals regarding the future of the department are contained in the Education Department records. The department's annual reports contain information about enrollment trends, personnel concerns, faculty activities, finances, future plans, and curriculum. The syllabi and examinations are from various education courses. A photograph of a faculty member is also included in the records.