Caroline Agnes Boa was born on April 7, 1877, in Wisconsin. She graduated from Mount Holyoke College in 1901 and taught high school English and Latin in Red Oak, Iowa until 1903. She then taught at Des Moines, Iowa until 1907. On May 7, 1908 she married Wilhelmine Eugene Henderson, a farmer. They lived on a farm in Eva, Oaklahoma and had one daughter, Eleanor, who received her A.B. and M.D. from the University of Kansas. They lived in Oaklahoma through the Great Depression. Caroline A. Henderson died on August 4, 1966, in Phoenix, Arizona.